Reducing Mental Health Stigmas - 1195 Words

Reducing Mental Health Stigmas According to the National Alliance of Mental Health, 1 in 5 adults in the United States of America experience mental illness in a given year (NAMI, 2017). Out of those adults, not all will seek out mental health services. If there are services in the community being offered, why are the services not utilized more often by these individuals? There may be many barriers that prevent these individual to seek out services. One of these barriers may include being labeled; another barrier may be being treating differently because of the illness. To fully understand what a mental illness is one has to understand the definition of†¦show more content†¦When a person is stigmatized, this may increase suffering which continues the cycle of individuals not receiving the proper care to live a normal life. By watching these movies, people become scared and are less likely to be seen interacting with someone with a mental illness. Fear leads to avoidance, e.g., employers do not want perso ns with mental illness nearby so they do not hire them (Coorigan, 2002). Since the majority of these people are not knowledgeable about symptoms of different mental illnesses, they become misinformed and develop negative attitudes towards a group of people that they have no personal experience. There are two different types of stigmas that effect individuals with a mental illness, public stigma and self-stigma. Both of these stigmas may create additional barriers that prevent these individuals to seek and follow through with treatment. Public stigma is created by the general population whereas self-stigma is internally created by the individual. According to Corrigan, self-stigma may either empower the individual to rise above what other are saying or if the individual has low self-esteem, may impede the treatment process. To help decrease negative stereotypes that are portrayed in the media and movies, providing education on mental health would benefit both persons with mental illness and the people who are not familiar with mental illness. These educational programs would raise mental health awareness byShow MoreRelatedReducing Mental Health Stigma1854 Words   |  8 PagesReducing Mental Health Stigma As a member of college society, what are you doing to prevent mental health stigma? We live in the world where it is a great deal to be accepted by others and get approved, and college is the place where most students rush to get this acceptance. It is a beginning of independence and new experiences for students. Most students leave their house and start the first step of building a whole new future; no parents are there to tell them what is right and what is wrong,Read MoreThe Stigma Of Mental Illness1602 Words   |  7 Pages21st centuries have seeked to improve care and reduce stigma around those with mental illness. This began in 1942, when Harry Truman signed the National Mental Health Act, which requested the formation of a National Institute of Mental Health. Shortly after this, in 1949, the National Institute of Mental Health was established (â€Å"National Institute of Mental Health†). During the company’s 60 year lifespan they have focused on research about mental illness, educating the public, and improving the livesRead MorePostnatal Depression ( Pnd ) Essay1295 Words   |  6 PagesPostnatal depression (PND) is an isolating and debilitating mental health disorder that effects an estimated 13-15% of new mothers within one year post-delivery (CDC, 2008; Gaynes et al., 2005). PND can be experienced as a vast array of symptoms such as anhedonia, excessive crying, mixed anxious mood, sleep disturbance, and even suicidality (Kantrowitz-Gordon, 2013). Further, mothers with PND typically report difficulty bonding with their infant and a reduced ability to express love and warmth (LetourneauRead MoreThe Stigma of Mental Illness1656 Words   |  7 Pagesclinical diagnosis might exacerbate the stigma of mental illness. In Corrigan’s study clinical diagnosis adds groupness for the collection of people with mental illness which worsens the level of prejudice (Corrigan 34). Corrigan states that this ultimately leads to overgeneralization , as there is an assumption that all individuals diagnosed with the same mental disorders behave the same way (Corrigan 34). According to Corrigan the stereotypic description of mental illness perceives to the public thatRead MoreEffects Of Stigma Toward Mental Illnesses1711 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Mental illness is one of the most stigmatized medical conditions in society. People diagnosed with mental illnesses experience a difficult social life, where most of the community members harbor prejudicial attitudes toward them. Undoubtedly, having a mental illness profoundly affects how an individual interacts with the rest of the community in various issues. More often than not, the social consequences of mental disorders are negative since persons with the illness are naturallyRead MoreTragedy of Tormented Teenagers: Mental Illness Hits One in Four1429 Words   |  6 PagesMany young Australians suffer from mental illness and are exposed to serious risk of harm. It is found that more than one in four teenagers suffer a mental illness and most are not identified or treated (Mcdougall, 2013). Mental illness is the largest risk factor that causes suicidal behaviour and serious psychological distress in young people (Australian Government, 2013). According to Mcdougall (2013), the l ife expectancy for people with mental illness is 15 to 20 year lower than other AustraliansRead MoreMental Illness And Its Effects1095 Words   |  5 Pagesare affected by mental illness are violent or unpredictable. Now, this opinion is not entirely erroneous, but it does create an extremely one-sided and unfair outlook for those suffering from a mental illness. Those who negatively stigmatize mental illness cause an immense harm. Stigma is a mark of disgrace associated with a particular circumstance, quality, or person. If people today would talk about mental illness more, that communication could lead those suffering from mental illness to feel asRead MoreThe Stigma Associated With Mental Health1641 Words   |  7 PagesMost people with mental health illness feels diminished, devalued, and fearful because of the prejudicial attitudes and discriminatory behaviours that society held towards them. The stigma associated with mental health illness often marginalized and disenfranch ises the affected individuals and families in the society, which means that they â€Å"may experience discrimination in areas of health care, employment, education, justice, and housing†(1). The feeling of fear to be discriminated against limitedRead MoreAlicia Kate O. Borja. English 27 A. Andre Dominic Peralta.1260 Words   |  6 PagesAlicia Kate O. Borja English 27 A Andre Dominic Peralta Reducing Stigma in Mental Health Conditions Background on Mental Health Mental Health is often used as a representation of mental health conditions such as anxiety disorders, depression, schizophrenia, and others. According to the World Health Organization (2016), mental health is a state of well-being wherein an individual has the capacity to realize his or her own potential, can manage with the normal stresses of life, can work efficientlyRead MoreMental Health And The Media982 Words   |  4 PagesMental Health and the Media Mental illness in general carries an enormous stigma. People have respect for and take seriously physical ailments but when it comes to mental illness there is still immense discrimination. The stigma that comes from having a mental disorder such as, bi-polar depression, schizophrenia, or panic disorder comes with an enormous societal cost and can cause people not to talk about it. They may feel ashamed, embarrassed or fear stigma. Not seeking treatment causes people living

Characteristics Of Romantic Poetry By William Blake

Emily Woolverton Professor Balding English 2320 February 26, 2016 Characteristics of Romantic Poetry The start of the Romantics was the start of a new period in poetry. Romantic poetry developed after more and more people began to let their emotion become a bigger part of their life. These Romantics wanted to express how they felt, rather than what they thought about science and reason. This brought on the change in how genders, races, and different classes were viewed. Less people participated in their culture s traditions and authority was not as important to follow as it was before. The Romantics chose to reflect more on themselves and others which led Romantic poetry to develop into such a creative and meaningful kind of literature. William Blake was the person who started the Romantic Period. When he was younger, he read a lot, and started to write at the early age of thirteen. When he was old enough to understand more of the outside world and politics going on around him, he did not agree one bit. He always felt like they were too in control and people should be aloud to live more freely. He was also very spiritual, as can be seen from the fact that he claimed his brother would help him with ideas, keeping in mind that his brother had already passed away at that time. Using his past and the way he feels about certain circumstances, he was able to make some of the best poetry known. This lead to this new period in writing known as the Romantic period, makingShow MoreRelatedRomanticism in The Marriage of Heaven and Hell by William Blake1393 Words   |  6 PagesRomanticism in William Blakes Poem William Blake was a poet, painter, and a printmaker all during the period in literature known as the Romantic time period. The Romantic time period, also known in Literature as Romanticism began in Europe, mainly France and Britain around the 1800s (Barker) and it was first defined as a tool to in literature and literary criticisms (Galitz). The Romantic period did not just focus on literature, but also on the subjects of art and knowledge which was fueledRead MoreThe Romantic Movement Of William Wordsworth And Samuel Taylor Coleridge Essay1427 Words   |  6 Pages INTRODUCTION The Romantic Movement was introduced around1820 to America; this movement overlapped with the period of national development. Romantic philosophies looked at art as spiritual elements of nature and used metaphors as an inspiration. Nature was a significant theme for the duration of this period since supernatural things began in our imagination. Many sonnets were created using freedom of thought however these writings soon shifted to an imagination method (natural surroundings) fromRead MoreRomanticism In William Blakes London722 Words   |  3 Pagesnature, and idealism. Although William Blake is considered to be one of the founders of Romantic poetry, pieces such as â€Å"London† deviate from the conventional characteristics associated with this genre. Ironic to generic Romanticism, London hardly idealizes the horrific truth of society in industrialized urban life. However, Blake’s lack of rhapsody does manifest the social and political climate occurring at the time w hen Romanticism was flourishing. The term â€Å"romantic† conjects images of physicalRead MoreEssay How Romantic Was William Blake?1517 Words   |  7 Pages The time period typically associated with the Romantic Poets and writers was one of the most turbulent to hit Europe ever. With the French Revolution sweeping the fields of Alsace, Lorraine and beyond, most monarchs, including those in England were wary of the new notions that were becoming common place among the commoners. Not since the Reformation of the 16th century was the continent in more turmoil. Yet with this build up of angst came a fertile bed for a new style of writing to grow inRead MoreThe Romantic Era1008 Words   |  5 Pagesbeginning of the Romantic Movement. This was the first time poets and authors were able to strive for originality. The Romantic era was more open to mythic, mystic and spirituality than the enlightenment era had ever been. William Blake was a romantic poet. Romanticism was a movement, which was marked primarily by its rejection of the enlightenment ideologies and scientific methods, as well as its emphasis on the natural world, emotions, art istry and the personal expression. Growing up Blake`s childhoodRead MoreRomanticism1649 Words   |  7 PagesRomanticism in the Nineteenth Century The Romantic period followed the era of logical, philosophical, and social movement in the 17th to 18th century. However, as the 19th century began, Romanticism came into the light with a new perspective that intrigued the people. It stressed emphasis on emotions and imagination while also helping to realize the importance of self-expression. The American Romanticism movement illustrated inspiration, bias and predominance of individuals in the nineteenth centuryRead MoreWilliam Blake And Transcendentalism Analysis884 Words   |  4 Pagescan see transcendentalism with William Blake and his poetry. William Blake, who is a pre-romantic poet, handles his themes sincerely with a mind that is not distracted by the existing opinions such as rationalism, suppression and reason of opinions in his society. Although, he favors the morals of love, freedom, brotherhood and equality. Therefore, I believe he is considered one of the best romantic poets of all time. The majority of Blake’s poems show the romantic side of things such as simplicityRead MoreThe Romantic Era: The Pain of Composition Romanticism allowed poets to have the world at their900 Words   |  4 PagesThe Romantic Era: The Pain of Composition Romanticism allowed poets to have the world at their fingertips. In the course of the American and French Revolutions, political, social, and economic traditions were being shaken. No longer were they bound to what was thought of as appropriate topics for writing. These poets were allowed to use firsthand experience to guide their creativity. Romantics created their poetry by using their own heartfelt emotions. William Blake, I believe, was a visionary withRead MoreA Comparison Between William Wordsworths Upon Westminster Bridge and William Blakes London1006 Words   |  5 PagesA Comparison Between William Wordsworths Upon Westminster Bridge and William Blakes London The English Romantic period spanned between 1789 and 1824. This period was not so-called until the mid 19th century when readers began to see six different poets as part of the same movement. These poets were William Blake, William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Lord Byron, Percy Shelly and John Keats. Some aspects of Romantic poetry were; there was an increasing interest Read MoreCompare and Contrast the Romantics: William Blake and Mary Wollstonecraft1041 Words   |  5 PagesCompare and Contrast The Romantics: William Blake and Mary Wolstonecraft Mary Wollstonecraft’s A Vindication of the Rights of Woman sets out to invalidate the social and religious standards of her time in regards to gender, just as William Blake sets out to do the same for children. Both Blake and Wollstonecraft can be read by the average man and woman, lending its attention toward both upper and middle class. Wollstonecraft’s revolutionary themes of tyranny and oppression of women parallel

The King of Rock and Roll / The King of Pop Free Essays

Elvis Presley and Michael Jackson are both called the â€Å"King† of their particular genre of music. They also share many other similarities as well as many differences. Presley as well as Jackson were involved in church as children and both were very close to their mothers. We will write a custom essay sample on The King of Rock and Roll / The King of Pop or any similar topic only for you Order Now Humble beginnings led both singers to great fame, sales of their albums numbered into the millions. They both excelled in martial arts and had black belts in karate. Presley lived at a theme ranch â€Å"Graceland† and Jackson also lived at a theme ranch â€Å"Neverland†. While the public knew about Michael Jackson’s chimp, Bubbles; the fact that Elvis owned a chimp, Scatter, was relatively unknown. In death, they were also similar, both died of heart malfunction due to prescription drug overdose and both died lonely. Elvis and Michael were great philanthropists giving millions to charity. Both men have been impersonated around the world. Due to the tendency to overspend, both men died in debt. Despite the similarities, Michael and Elvis were also very different. While both men started singing as children, Michael was a prodigy and Elvis in school was told that he could not sing. Elvis made his first recording at age 18, with his first performance at age 19. Michael started performing with â€Å"The Jackson 5† when he was 6, and started his solo career at age 13. While Michael wrote most of his songs and created his dances, Elvis wrote only song and borrowed his dance moves from African-Americans. Elvis taught himself to play both guitar and piano, Michael played piano, guitar, and drums but not on a high level. Elvis’ fame was based in Europe and the US, whereas Michael was famous worldwide. Both have a star on Hollywood Boulevard, but Michael has two, one for himself and one for The Jackson 5. Michael who was anorexic, died almost a skeleton while Elvis put on weight in his later years due to diabetes. Elvis and Michael made great contributions to the music world, by either building a genre from scratch or elevating an established genre. They shared many similarities but were also both unique. Works Cited Gkane, Marina. Quora. 28 June 2018. 14 October 2018. . How to cite The King of Rock and Roll / The King of Pop, Papers

Barriers to Entry and Bargaining Power free essay sample

What are the critical drivers of industry profitability? Rivalry Among Existing Firms. The greater the degree of competition among firms in an industry, the lower average profitability is likely to be. The factors that influence existing firm rivalry are industry growth rate, concentration and balance of competitors, degree of differentiation and switching costs, scale/learning economies and the ratio of fixed to variable costs, and excess capacity and exit barriers. Threat of New Entrants. The threat of new entry can force firms to set prices to keep industry profits low. The threat of new entry can be mitigated by economies of scale, first mover advantages to incumbents, greater access to channels of distribution and existing customer relationships, and legal barriers to entry. Threat of Substitute Products. The threat of substitute products can force firms to set lower prices, reducing industry profitability. The importance of substitutes will depend on the price sensitivity of buyers and the degree of substitutability among the products. Bargaining Power of Buyers. The greater the bargaining power of buyers, the lower the industry’s profitability. Bargaining power of buyers will be determined by the buyers’ price sensitivity and their importance to the individual firm. As the volume of purchases of a single buyer increases, its bargaining power with the supplier increases. Bargaining Power of Suppliers. The greater the bargaining power of suppliers, the lower the industry’s profitability. Suppliers’ bargaining ability increases as the number of suppliers declines when there are few substitutes available. 6. ?Coca-Cola and Pepsi are both very profitable soft drinks. Inputs for these products include corn syrup, bottles/cans, and soft drink syrup. Coca-Cola and Pepsi produce the syrup themselves and purchase the other inputs. They then enter into exclusive contracts with independent bottlers to produce their products. Use the five forces framework and your knowledge of the soft drink industry to explain how Coca-Cola and Pepsi are able to retain most of the profits in this industry. While consumers perceive an intensely competitive relationship between Coke and Pepsi, these major players in the soft drink industry have structured their businesses to retain most of the profits in the industry by concentrating operations in its least competitive segments. Coke and Pepsi have segmented the soft drink industry into two industries—production of soft drink syrup and manufacturing/distribution of the soft drinks at the retail level. Moreover, they have chosen to operate primarily in the production of soft drink syrup, while leaving the independent bottlers with the more competitive segment of the industry. Coca-Cola and Pepsi compete primarily on brand image rather than on price. They sell their syrup to independent bottlers who have exclusive contracts to distribute soft drinks and other company products within a specific geographic area. While other syrup producers exist, they are typically regional and have very small shares of the market. ) Given the large number of competing forms of  containers for soft drinks (glass bottles, plastic bottles, aluminum cans, etc. ), it is difficult for bottlers to earn any more than a normal return on their investment. Consequently, Coke and Pepsi can write exclusive contracts with bottlers p rohibiting them from simultaneously bottling for a competitor. It is also difficult for independent bottlers to switch from Coke to Pepsi products, since there is likely to be an existing Pepsi bottler in the same geographic area. Consequently, independent bottlers have little bargaining power and Coke and Pepsi are able to charge them relatively high prices for syrup. The threat of new entrants at the syrup level is restricted by limited access to adequate distribution channels and by the valuable brand names that have been created by both Coke and Pepsi. While soda syrup is relatively inexpensive and easy to make, a new syrup producer would have difficulty finding a distributor that could get its products to retail stores and placed in desirable shelf space. The high levels of advertising by Coke and Pepsi have created highly valued, universally recognized brands, which would be difficult for a potential competitor to replicate. The main ingredients of syrup are sugar and flavoring, and the markets for these inputs are generally competitive. As a result, Coke and Pepsi exert considerable influence over their suppliers. For example, in the 1980s when corn syrup became a less-expensive sweetener than cane sugar, Coke and Pepsi switched to corn syrup. Thus, Coke and Pepsi are able to retain profits rather than pay them out to their suppliers. The production and distribution of soft drinks at the retail level is likely to be less profitable than is syrup production for several reasons. First, despite tremendous amounts of advertising designed to create differentiated products, many people view sodas as being relatively similar and switching costs for consumers are very low, which makes it difficult to price one soft drink significantly higher than another. Second, there are a great number of substitutes for soft drinks, such as water, milk, juice, athletic drinks, etc. , which consumers could switch to if the price of soda were to increase. Third, because of low switching costs, consumers can be price sensitive and also exercise relative bargaining power over independent bottlers. Finally, as discussed before, the structure of the relationship between Coke and Pepsi and the independent bottlers gives Coke and Pepsi greater bargaining power over the bottlers, further limiting the ability of independent bottlers to keep a larger share of their profits. 8. What are the ways that a firm can create barriers to entry to deter competition in its business? What factors determine whether these barriers are likely to be enduring? Barriers to entry allow a firm to earn profits while at the same time preventing other firms from entering the market. The primary sources of barriers to entry include economies of scale, absolute costs advantages, product differentiation advantages, and government restrictions on entry of competitors. Firms can create these barriers through a variety of means. 1. A firm can engineer and design its products, processes, and services to create economies of scale. Because of economies of scale, larger plants can produce goods at a lower cost that smaller plants. Hence, a firm considering entering the existing firm’s market must be able to take advantage of the same scale economies or be forced to charge a higher price for its products and services. 2. Cost leaders have absolute cost advantages over rivals. Through the development of superior production techniques, investment in research and development, accumulation of greater operating experience or special access to raw materials, or exclusive contracts with distributors or suppliers, cost leaders operate at a lower cost than any potential new entrants to the market. . A firm can engineer and design its products, processes, and services to create economies of scale. Because of economies of scale, larger plants can produce goods at a lower cost that smaller plants. Hence, a firm considering entering the existing firm’s market must be able to take advantage of the same scale economies or be forced to charge a higher price for its products and services. 3. Differentiation of the firm’s products and services may also help create barriers to entry for other firms. Firms often spend considerable resources to differentiate their products or services. Soft drink makers, for example, invest in advertising designed to differentiate their products from other products in the market. Other competitors that would like to enter the market will be forced to make similar investments in any new products. 4. Firms often try to persuade governments to impose entry restrictions through patents, regulations, and licenses. ATT fought with the government for many years to prevent other providers of long distance telephone service from entering the market. Similarly, the local Bell operating companies have lobbied the federal government to write laws to make it difficult for other firms to provide local phone service. Several factors influence how long specific barriers to entry are effective at preventing the entry of competitors into an industry. †¢Economies of scale depend on the size and growth of the market. If a market is growing quickly, a competitor could build a larger plant capable of producing at a cost lower than the incumbent. If a market is flat, there may not be enough demand to support additional production at the efficient scale, which forces new entrants to have higher costs. Absolute cost advantages depend on competitors’ difficulty in designing better processes. Some processes receive legal protection from patents. Entrants must either wait for the patent to expire or bear the expense of trying to invest around the patent. Similarly, differentiation advantages last only so long as a firm continues to inv est in differentiation and it is difficult for other firms to replicate the same differentiated product or service. †¢Incumbent firms and potential entrants can both lobby the government. If potential entrants launch intensive lobbying and public interest campaigns, laws, regulations, and rules can change to ease entry into a once-protected industry. Several recent examples in the U. S. are deregulation of the airline, trucking, banking, and telecommunications industries. 9.? Explain why you agree or disagree with each of the following statements: a.? It’s better to be a differentiator than a cost leader, since you can then charge premium prices. Disagree. While it is true that differentiators can charge higher prices compared to cost leaders, both strategies can be equally profitable. Differentiation is expensive to develop and maintain. It often requires significant company investment in research and development, engineering, training, and marketing. Consequently, it is more expensive for companies to provide goods and services under a differentiated strategy. Thus, profitability of a firm using the differentiated strategy depends on being able to produce differentiated products or services at a cost lower than the premium price. On the other hand, the cost leadership strategy can be very profitable for companies. A cost leader will often be able to maintain larger margins and higher turnover than its nearest competitors. If a company’s competitors have higher costs but match the cost leader’s prices, the competitors will be forced to have lower margins. Competitors that choose to keep prices higher and maintain margins will lose market share. Hence, being a cost leader can be just as profitable as being a differentiator. b. It’s more profitable to be in a high-technology industry than a low- technology one. Disagree. There are highly profitable firms in both high technology and low technology industries. The argument presumes that high technology always creates barriers to entry. However, high technology is not always an effective entry barrier and can be associated with high levels of competition among existing firms, high threat of new entrants, substitute products, and high bargaining power of buyers and/or sellers. For example, the personal computer industry is a high-technology business, yet is highly competitive. There are very low costs of entering the industry, little product differentiation in terms of quality, and two very powerful suppliers (Microsoft and Intel). Consequently, firms in the PC business typically struggle to earn a normal return on their capital. In contrast, Wal-Mart is a cost leader in a very low-tech industry, and is one of the most profitable companies in the U. S. c.? The reason why industries with large investments have high barriers to entry is because it is costly to raise capital. Disagree. The cost of raising capital is generally related to risk of the project rather than the size of the project. As long as the risks of the project are understood, the costs of raising the necessary capital will be fairly priced. However, large investments can act as high entry barriers in several other ways. First, where large investments are necessary to achieve scale economies, if additional capacity will not be fully used, it may make it unprofitable for entrants to invest in new plant. Second, a new firm may be at an initial cost disadvantage as it begins to learn how to use the new assets in the most efficient manner. Third, existing firms may have excess capacity in reserve that they could use to flood the market if potential competitors attempt to enter the market.

Personal Financial Management

Introduction A contingency plan is an essential tool in the preparation of a retirement plan and an estate management plan. The goal of this contingency plan is guarantee the maximum possible use of existing and anticipated financial resources by coordinating all of the assets, liabilities, and other sources of income of an individual.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Personal Financial Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the process of developing a contingency plan, it is assumed that and individual has the willingness and capability to undertake necessary cash and investment commitments. Furthermore, there is also the need to be uniquely identified in order to come up with appropriate recommendations. This will ensure that the plan is realistic, effective, and efficient. Discussion In the current setting, the level of risk tolerance is moderate. Therefore, the willingness to take on risks is similar t o the capacity to assume risks. Given that existing income requirements for the portfolio are minimal, there has to be a total return methodology on the continuing capital gains rather than the creation of current income. However, existing liquid assets are adequate to offer cash reserves during any emergency (Kapoor, Dlabay, Hughes, 2012). Since the wish is to retire after 32 years of active employment, the key objective is to have a balanced portfolio in order to have sufficient retirement income. In such a case, it is important to manage the financial assets by having a portfolio comprising both taxable accounts as well as two IRAs. The calculations for this plan are based on average annual inflation being at four percent with the social security inclusion being at fifty percent. The bond mutual funds are at 4% with the equities giving a return of between 5-10%. On the other hand, annuities amount to around 5% with social security COLA rates being at 3%. The personal residence a nd property growth rates are at 2%. The inflation of the college expenses stands at 7%. The family assets, cash-value life- insurance, as well as liabilities are defined at present market value (Kapoor, Dlabay, Hughes, 2012). The key strategy is to join an investment club and then to manage a portfolio of nearly eight to ten minor capitalization of stocks. Furthermore, investments will be done on mutual funds that are well managed due to their high-quality complements towards the personal stock holdings. Consequently, investments will be done in the other partner’s IRA but in a fund that focuses on high quality large capitalization companies.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The smaller IRA can be invested in an aggressive expansion small cap fund while the other taxable assets will be invested in the equity income fund, a money market fund, a global fund and finally, to a short-term bond fund. Given the existing uncertainty regarding the market’s outlook, portfolio diversification will assist in dampening volatility while providing the room to ride out any downturns arising from a given market segment. Notably, replacement costs take most of the family’s budget especially replacement of key items. Therefore, the annual income target is aimed at $200,000 and the plan is to increase it at an average annual inflation level of nearly two percent over the life expectancy. Saving current income is the key to attain financial goals while preparing for emergencies (Stovall Maurer, 2011). When it comes to the retirement plan, the social security will provide a distinctive advantage since it covers inflation-adjusted incomes. This will help to keep at bay erosive outcomes arising from inflation. Therefore, it will be essential to restructure the income together with the assets to meet current tax liabilities. Therefore, nearly 50% of the n on-pension assets will be invested in equities while the other 50% will be on fixed-income along with cash. On the other hand, pension payments will be dealt with as fixed-income assets whereby almost 70% will be invested in equities while the remaining 30% will be invested in fixed-income plus cash. Therefore, this investment will act as a source of constant income that will be used to meet the family’s daily expenses. Consequently, it will act as a foundation for growth in case the living expenses increase due to inflation. However, it is essential to consider the idea of overcoming inflation while supporting a desired lifestyle. The firmness of life insurance companies is also a growing concern due to financial troubles in the industry. Savings also offer economic control and as such, the savings will cover between 3-6 months of the living expenses.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Personal Financial Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Therefore, this entails maintaining a sufficient disability as well as survivor income to sustain present living standards without depleting the capital until retirement. A credit management strategy from a professional will help in avoiding dealing with credit agencies by managing the credit debt. A good debt reduction plan will help in straightening out the inaccurate credit history. For instance, Equifax from Creditnet will help to monitor the credit profiles from every bureau. It will also provide notices if any changes can result in an unmanageable debt profile and protect identity from any fraudulent acts. Furthermore, it will offer simulations on how certain credit acts being undertaken can affect the credit score in addition to providing tips on how to administer the credit score (Kapoor, Dlabay, Hughes, 2012). Under estate planning, providing for the children is a major concern and the course of action should be that all of the pro perty will be passed to the surviving partner and the distribution to the children will be after the partner’s death. The estate plan entails applying gift and estate tax credit due to access to the gift tax credit, referred to as applicable credit tax. This plan involves distributing the applicable credit total, to the children after the death of the first partner. Thus, transferring of the estate balance to the surviving partner will be under unrestricted marital deductions through a trust arrangement. Such a plan will help to minimize the amount of the remaining partner’s estate that in the end trims down the estate tax obligations (Kapoor, Dlabay, Hughes, 2012). The distribution will happen after the first death of a partner and the trust created and will ultimately distribute equal shares of the estate to all the children. If the other partner becomes involved in running the family business then life insurance will facilitate her to execute a buy-sell agreement t hat is funded from the life insurance. Furthermore, in case of death, the proceeds from the insurance will be used to buy the business interest arising from the estate. Accordingly, the children will have full control of the business, as well as the estate including the cash that they can divide among them or their heirs.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, purchasing of the life insurance can be done directly to equalize the estate and not to increase the value of the estate that in the end can attract estate tax liability. In order to avoid the uncalled for tax drain and provide additional money to the estate, every instance of ownership will be removed from the insured. For this reason, the marginal tax bracket should remain at 30% whereby the average tax bracket lingers at 24%. The surviving spouse will most likely continue with the existing pension payments and she should have a possible advisor who can assist in assessing the options. Therefore, assets received upon death like life insurance payments can be invested into intermediate-term fixed-income funds to have the liquidity that can be used in later on investments in various funds. Furthermore, the IRA should be turned into the other spouse IRA and then invested in a similarly aggressive expansion fund such that the asset allotment remains unaffected until a better option arises. Given the fact that death can occur when the beneficiary is a minor or he/she has developed special needs, a guardian will be appointed to take charge of beneficiary’s personal care. Therefore, a residuary clause will ensure that disposal of the estate assets following payments of all debts will be passed on the children (Stovall Maurer, 2011). The competitive line of credit from the bank will offer the capital required to run the rental real estate business. The business will be dealt as a personal net worth and it should have stable plus dependable cash flows including protection from disasters. Investment decisions are based on projections from markets and asset class. An asset allocation approach will offer the prospect for additional control over the amount of return in return for assuming further risks. The asset allocation is also a no-derivative approach that will help to minimize risks in addition to reducing the in general portfolio volatility. Holdi ng various asset classes will help to reduce the risks especially when major markets go down. In such a plan, the key concern is to ensure that the mortgage is completed by 2025, and the vehicle loan by 2014. In addition, poor health, inflation, disability, and possible tax hikes are obstacles that can impede the plan. In order to minimize tax liability and at the same time preserve more of the estate an amount of up to $13,000 will be contributed yearly to the child’s college account, so as not to incur federal gift tax charges (Stovall Maurer, 2011). Estate planning includes minimizing probable taxes, and thus help in assuring preferences concerning health care treatment. A proper estate planning recognizes what will take place in the home, investments, life insurance, the retirement plan, and additional property, especially in the event of a disability. Conclusion The above contingency plan has come up with an estate plan that not only serves the immediate needs but also the future necessities of the beneficiaries. It covers a broad series of legal, tax, as well as financial considerations. The contingency plan takes into consideration the coordination of the plan with those of estate goals. Given that investment in the family business is a crucial asset, the plan has addressed retirement and estate planning matters comprising value of the shares and the estate, the insurance, retirement planning as well as the preservation of the estate. References Kapoor, J. R., Dlabay, L. R., Hughes, R. J. (2012). Personal Finance (10 ed.). Los Angeles: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Stovall, J., Maurer, T. (2011). The Ultimate Financial Plan: Balancing Your Money and Life. New York: Blackwell. This essay on Personal Financial Management was written and submitted by user Aliza N. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Ways to Build Relationships With Colleagues at Your First Job

Ways to Build Relationships With Colleagues at Your First Job Your first job out of college is full of new experiences. It may be the first time you earn a salary, the first time you’re in charge of a project and the first time you’re introduced to office politics. Establishing a good first impression is important, but it’s the weeks and months after that that will determine a lot about how you feel about your job. Cultivating working relationships with colleagues is an important part of your professional life. Exchanging ideas with others in your field can lead to great developments in your career. 75% of employers rate team work and collaboration as â€Å"very important† but 39% of employees believe that their organization doesn’t collaborate enough. The point is that both employers and employees believe that exchanging ideas is essential to doing good work. Improving your relationships with your co-workers is helpful to both you and your organization. So what are the best ways to grow business relationships in the workplace? Here are some tips for recent graduates: Ask Someone Out for Lunch Conversations and experiences outside of the workplace take the relationship out of the office context and create a deeper bond. Maybe you’re working with someone on a project and would like to develop more of a friendship with them. Why not extend an offer for them to have lunch with you? You can use the project as a springboard to talk about other subjects or keep the conversation to business. Ask Someone to Mentor You You’re new in the office and still have a lot to learn. If there’s a colleague whose business style and knowledge you admire, don’t be afraid to ask them if they would mentor you. The worst they can say is no, and the best they can do is show you the ropes of a business you’re just starting out in. Invite Co-Workers to Social Events Throwing a party at your apartment or inviting people out on a Friday night can help you get to know your colleagues better. Conversations are likely to migrate from work to personal life and you’ll be able to find common ground with your co-workers, discover more about where they’re from, what their hobbies are and hopefully develop some friendships. Say Yes to Invitations Likewise, if someone in the office extends an invitation to you, make sure you accept unless you have a prior commitment you absolutely can’t break. If someone invites you to their home, bring a gift such as flowers or a bottle of wine or something that you know they like. Create a Company Sporting Event If you enjoy a particular sport such as Frisbee, soccer, volleyball or any other sport, you may want to invite the rest of the office to participate with you. That way you can combine an activity you already practice with the rest of the office. Hopefully it will be fun and spark some healthy competition. Remember People’s Birthdays You’re likely to add most of your co-workers to your social networks so pay attention when someone’s birthday comes up. A simple â€Å"Happy Birthday† said in person can be a nice gesture. Likewise with other celebrations such as anniversaries and other holidays. It may not sound like much but just going out of your way to extend a greeting to someone on a special day can go a long way. Bring in Some Treats How does that old saying go? The way to a co-worker’s heart is through their stomach? Well, even if that’s not the way it goes, it’s still true. Bringing in some home-made snacks can score you points with your colleagues. Ask Someone to Collaborate on a Project With You If you’re working on something alone but think the project can be served better by combining with another co-worker’s talent, ask them if they would like to come onboard. Of course, get your supervisor’s permission first, but if they say yes, it could be a great way to enhance your professional relationships and get more experience working as a team. Above all, be polite, respectful and friendly and you’ll be making office friends in no time.

Venipuncture Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Venipuncture - Case Study Example This case study focuses on venipuncture. A number of aspects emanate from this nurse’s experience. It is a good practice to talk to a patient and offer the assurance regarding the medical procedure. No evidence of this is present in the situation. Additionally, nurses ought to position the patient’s arm in the most favorable position. In venipuncture, this is supposed to be a straight line. Once again, it appears that the nurse skipped this step. A limit exists on the number of attempts that a nurse can perform on a patient. If two attempts have failed, one is meant to consult a senior practitioner for assistance. This nurse tried to do everything on her own. Caregivers need to exercise judgment when selecting the suitable vein for blood collection. It is likely that this professional did not choose the best vein to carry out the draw. She did not wait for the vein to become visible as this hampers success of the procedure. The pressure with which she inserted the needl e could also have caused the problem. This paper declares that nurses must eliminate risks that stem from the environment. They must adhere to preset standards that govern the procedures they are performing. The competency statement also states that infection control must be kept at a minimum. Nurses must use ergonomics into to protect patients and themselves from injury. Safety should be top in their priority list, and this should involve adherence to legislative procedures. The caregiver ought to provide comfort to the patient by adjusting external parameters to meet these needs. This objective must be maintained throughout the therapeutic intervention. In this case, the nurse was meant to administer a procedure in a safe and secure manner, but she fell short. According to the competency statement, the nurse is supposed to adjust medical procedures in response to a patient’s comfort requirements. Clearly, this nurse did not abide by such a principle. Furthermore, she was meant to prioritize the patient’s safety. Making four attempts in venipuncture is dangerous to a patient’s safety. It could cause health complications like tendon, nerve or arterial injury (Adams & Elliot, 2006). The gentleman may have encountered some bruising. It might even lead to excessive bleeding, fainting and even spark of an allergic reaction (Walther-Wenke, 2008). Competency statement 9.5 also states that the nurse must adhere to the principles of ergonomics in order to minimize injury. These standards were compromised in the case. Several ergonomic principles could have been ignored such as the grip of the need, the angle in which the needle was administered as well as the depth to which the nurse inserted the needle (Scales, 2008). The subject in this case study is in need of a development program for venipuncture. Therefore, the

Medical law and ethics discussion questions Essay

Medical law and ethics discussion questions - Essay Example Physician’s duty in the medical field is to conduct diagnosis, offer referral services and update patients on their treatment procedures alongside articulation of the intended results. In the society, they have the role of counseling and advising parents, writing medical articles to enlighten the public and providing professional testimony on behalf of victims of torture seeking asylum. Their role has gradually changed from that of a director to that of the controller and health instructor (Stoddard et al 1). In addition to assessment of diseases and injury, healthcare providers treat the patients accordingly, provide care for them and enlighten them on the preventive measures associated with various ailments. Moreover, they run the facilities that offer the healthcare services (Stoddard et al 1). Managed care may affect one’s career through controls on the professional independence. Physician dissatisfaction is bound to arise if managed care infringes upon the physician’s relationships, practice approaches, decision making or controls for income (Stoddard et al 1). MCOs can only manage to offer the required form of care by ensuring the physicians, or medical professionals are satisfied since dissemination of care is upon them (Stoddard et al 1). They can only achieve this by revising the limits imposed on clinical autonomy, boosting patient confidence on physicians and involving physicians work schedule set up processes. Stoddard, Jeffrey, Lee Hargraves, Marie Reed and Alison Vratil. â€Å"Managed care, Proffessional Autonomy, and Income: Effects on Physician Career Satisfaction.† J Gen Intern Med 16.10(2001): 675-684.

Marketing - Critical Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Marketing - Critical Marketing - Essay Example Several monographs and edited volumes on critical marketing have been published†. The first use of the term ‘critical marketing’ in relation to the critical cultural as well as social theories is in the work of Hansen (1981). (Moufahim and Mitussis 2009). Critical marketing in general sense implies that any marketing idea has to be discussed threadbare focusing on its positive attributes as well as its faults, thereby coming up with necessary modifications and corrections. This point was put by forward by Friat and Tadajewski (2009, p.127) who stated that critical marketing involves â€Å"any position that judgmentally evaluates a body of discourse (including marketing) with the intention to find any faults or problems to be challenged and modified or corrected.† However, the key fact that has to be considered when viewing ideas critically is the time-bound factor. That is, what is/was viewed critically could change with time and context. Certain critical pe rspectives about an idea that gets formed during earlier periods of history could change now with contribution by other experts and thinkers. Thus, the crucial point is, critical perspectives will be mostly dynamic with the change of time, situation, contexts, etc. This is particularly relevant to the critical marketing idea of cultural stereotyping. As Hackley (2008, p. 154) with the aid of Tadajewski and Brownlie (2008) point out Marketing is a field of social and cultural studies as well as a set of social practices. That is, while launching marketing campaigns targeting a particular customer base, organizations will focus on that customer base’s various attributes including cultural attributes. The most common cultural attributes will be congregated and viewed stereotypically by the marketing team, to come up with effective and at the same time relevant marketing campaigns. However, at the same time, these stereotypes may not be accurate all the time, and as Hackley (2009 , p.155) states there are micro-level criticisms regarding the â€Å"promotion of stereotypes of race, gender and body type† through advertising campaigns. Cultural stereotype is the term given to a commonly held view about people belonging to a culture by the public, particularly the ‘outsiders’, which can include the other cultures as well as business organizations. Basically, different cultures and other entities will have different stereotypes of their own cultures and importantly about other cultures. For example, â€Å"The Germans think the French are resourceful; the British think they are humorless and short-tempered. The Dutch think the French are not very serious; the Spanish think they are cold and distant. The Americans think they are pleasant and intelligent, yet pretentious.† (de Mooij 2005, p.41). Thus, cultural stereotyping includes certain abstract familiarities as well as key commonalities that could be seen among the individuals belongin g to a particular cultural group. In a way, cultural stereotyping is a standardized and at the same time a kind of simplified view about particular sections of the people, based on commonly visible attributes or assumptions. However, those assumptions could be mainly generalizations in sizable cases, and so could be inaccurate at certain times. Bennett (1990, p.17) defines cultural stereotype as a social or mental grouping among individuals based on common, exaggerated and even inaccurate

Impact of Instagram on Social Networks

Impact of Instagram on Social Networks How Instagram makes us sociable Introduction The world has really transformed in terms of technology. Technology is the only thing that changes at a very fast rate. Every day we wake up to a new innovation of technology and ideas. Technology through internet has managed to bring the world together in terms of communication. Despite the varying time zones in different parts of the world, Internet has paved way for Social networks that are turning be a vital field for advertising and creating awareness among people. The internet is a branch of technology where there is loads of traffic. Internet has now become a necessity and has managed to globalize the universe and make it as a small village where people interact freely despite the location and time of the specific region. It has as well given rise to several social networks that allow people to stay connected and in touch at any time of their convenience. Some of the well-known social networks include Twitter, Instagram and Facebook. These social platforms have allowed busines s people to advertise their companies as well as the products being marketed. This research paper will focus on how Instagram has managed to make people more sociable. The previous notion was that social networks are responsible of making people lonely and create an ambience of loneliness. It will shade more light on how Instagram brings people’s social life into one stage where each and every individual is required to register an account with so as to be given the unique credentials for logging in and interact with other subscribers. Businesses are now turning to social Medias to advertise and promote their sales. This is because of the ever increasing social traffic which is always present regardless of the time or the place of business. Instagram has remarkable improved social exposure and this research paper will conclude on its importance based on purely facts and figures. Thesis The Research topic that this paper is going to investigate in detail is whether Instagram as a Social network has managed to make people more sociable rather than lonely. My stand on the above argument is that I personally believe and completely agree to the fact that Instagram has truly managed to make people more social as compared to before the beginning of social networks. In order to second my stand in opinion, we will use a demonstrative example trying to campaign for an election contestant who is vying for an elective sit. This will put us in a position able to compare the different forms of campaign and establish the one which managed to reach the most number of people. For my research, I will employ Instagram as one of the trending social networks to establish whether it is making people to be more social rather than lonely. Before putting keen emphasize to the example above we can simply ask ourselves as to why businesses are also targeting the social population as a potential field for advertisement. This is just a way of proving that Instagram (one of the social networks) has made people more sociable and has improved communications. Loneliness on the other hand can be defined as being isolated from the other members of the population and still not in a position to keep in touch with them. A lonely person is one who cannot keep in touch and communicate with others at free will. How can Instagram promote loneliness from our definition of the word itself? Instagram has managed to allow people keep in touch hence my support for the Research topic. Literature Review Social network has been essential in changing the internet from a space widely known for broadcast of information or transmission to a place where users are involved in creating and generating their own personal content. This ranges from short films on You Tube to Facebook updates. This is then followed by the process of signposting their networks to the other contents created by other users (Beer, 2008: Thelwell, 2009). For literature purposes, there is a very clear attention on the extent to which social media has become transformative through the way that users keep in touch with one another. Evidences from several sources around that could be found with less difficulty show that campaigning and influencing is the most effectively done activity through people’s already existing social relationships (Alinsky, 1971; Freire, 1970). Despite the fact that all social media platforms play a major role in this, there is a general sense in which social networks have increasingly bec ome powerful. The masses that can be reached within a given short period of time via social networks are overwhelming. One post with no duplicate of exactly the same information can be viewed and followed by thousands if not millions at a blink of a second. Most of the already existing social networks were initially established on the basis of a more tailored proposition rather than merely creating an online space where people with common interest could interact freely. My space, for instance, is a social network which was initially started with the sole purpose of enabling aspiring music artistes to share and publicize their own piece of work with other likeminded people among the society. (Pace, 2006). Facebook started as a mere service for students in a U.S university which gradually broadened their service to other non U.S universities and this is even before making the platform accessible to everybody (Kirkpatrick, 2010). This is how social networks simply start and end up being a populated platform with millions of users all over the world. Social network sites provide new audience for civic engagement and for political participation. This facilitates information sharing and brings together networks through actions such as utilizing email, networking practices and user generated content (Montgomery 2007;Vromen 2007;2008). Research studies in Saudi Arabia have shown that 38% of 17-19 year olds employ Social networks (Instagram) for both political and civic engagement (Smith et al. 2009). Political leaders are using Instagram to post images of peace that advocate for peaceful coexistence. The many followers the politician has in Instagram media platform will be able to see what their leader is promoting and even leave a comment if they wish to. Moreover, the followers can get the images from the Politician’s profile and put it as their own so as to spread the message. This is just a simple example of how Instagram has enabled leaders in Saudi Arabia to campaign within a short period of time. For the young generation who do not think through their participation in either civic or issue-based functions as â€Å"political† in the institution or traditional sense, Social networks are used to connect the individuals who have similar interests about their own projects (Collin, 2010). Young people are coming up with new participatory communities which are by and for their peers. (Harris 2008:489; Boyd 2007:13-14). In addition, services and organizations are increasingly observing social networking practices as the succeeding step towards youth participation in community and government decision making (Collin 2010). Despite the fact that there are still queries as to the extent to which social networks function as virtual public spheres, fostering deliberation and enabling direct participation (Vromen.2008). However, the network for communicating information and numerous point of view â€Å"Public sphere† permits the recognition of creative digital expression through the social networks as civic engagement (Burgess, et. al,2006).There is a vast body of academic work on social networks and technology at large which take into consideration the creative, performativity and participatory dimensions of the current digital practices. The general usage of social media can simply be described as the collective media creation and sharing on a legitimately large scale. This includes social network services as well as other participatory activities like news blogs. The rapid up take of both social media and social network services by the young people indicate a very important shift in young generation’s use if internet mainly for information and entertainment as one way of communication. The young generation is made of â€Å"producers† who actively produce as well as consume media (Bruns 2008). The participatory media ambience enables the young to take part in creative content production. This also empowers them with brand new means of creating as well as sustaining connections among themselves. As a result, Social network platforms have resulted into new discussions on how to conceptualize and advocate for what has come to be termed as cyber citizenship (Bennett, 1998, 2003: Coleman, 2005). Research Methodology As mentioned earlier on in this research paper, I will use a politician social network campaign program via Instagram to establish the power of the social platform in terms of moving masses within a short period of time. I will visit colleges and higher institutions of learning and promote students to register accounts with Instagram. This on the other hand will simplify my work because I expect only few students if any who will not be having accounts with Instagram. I will then advise all the students to follow the Politian’s account so that they can be able to be informed about the Politian updates in his process of campaigning. I will collect my data for analysis by counting the number of likes and dislikes for each and every update the politician makes. The number of likes will give me a rough idea before the actual data analysis whether the social platform is in support with the campaign trend or not. Reading through the comments left behind by the followers will help me to conclude the factual side of support or critic from the public. The advantage of this methodology is that it comes at no extra cost to the students since opening an Instagram account is predominantly free and there is free access to internet services in campuses. I will collect all the data throughout the campaign period and code it statistically and appropriately while observing all the statistical hypotheses. In collaboration with the election contestant, I will pose some questions that call for discussions among the respondents (students on Instagram). This will create a thread of comments and opinions from the online traffic generated. I will then read through each individual comment and take it as the opinion from the respective person. Depending on the number of opinions and comments that I will get, I will decide on picking a representative sample of the entire online Instagram traffic. This sample will be free from biasness and will be selected using a statistical formula called â€Å"Fishers et. al†. I will base on factors such as age, gender and level of education to ensure that I come up with a good representative sample of the entire school Instagram accounts. . (Raatma, L. 2010) I will employ systematic random sampling technique to allocate my sample. This will be because of some factors that I find necessary to be observed. These factors will ensure that the selected sample is a true representation of the population at large and inferences drawn from it will be descriptive and informative about the population. I will ensure accuracy of the data by designing self-explanatory research questions that can be easily answered by the online Instagram users. (Raatma, L. 2010) I will analyze the data using one of the statistical software’s namely S.P.S.S. (Statistical Package for Social Scientists). I will compare the levels of campaign awareness from different Medias of communication with the sample data I will get. These other Medias of communications can be via bill boards advertising, television news and radio. To get information on previous voting exercises, I will go through secondary data and reports that are available in file. I will analyze the data through diagrams such as pie charts, bar graphs and line graphs. References Andrews, L. B. (2012). I know who you are and I saw what you did: social networks and the death of privacy. New York: Free Press. Barnes, J. A. (1972). Social networks. Reading, Mass.: [Addison-Wesley Pub. Co.]. Barnett, G. A. (2011). Encyclopedia of social networks. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage. Buskens, V. W. (2002). Social networks and trust. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Gottlieb, B. H. (1981). Social networks and social support. Beverly Hills, Calif.: Sage Publications. Kilduff, M., Tsai, W. (2003). Social networks and organizations. London: SAGE. Lin, N. (2001). Social capital a theory of social structure and action. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Maguire, L. (1983). Understanding social networks. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications. Raatma, L. (2010). Social networks. Ann Arbor, Mich.: Cherry Lake Pub..

Comparing William Shakespeares Sonnet 18 and Sonnet 130 :: Compare Contrast Comparison

Sonnet 18 and Sonnet 130, by William Shakespeare, are two of the most well known Shakespeare sonnets. Both are similar in theme, however, the two poems are very much contradictory in style, purpose, and the muse to who Shakespeare is writing. Both Sonnets have different styles. Sonnet 18 is a much more traditional poem, showing the reader a picture of his muse in the most divine way. Shakespeare uses a complex metaphor of comparing his subject to the summer, but at the same time making it easy to understand. The poet goes as traditional as possible; his friend surpasses the beauty of summer, as summer will fade and turn to winter. Sonnet 130 is just as easy to understand as the former. The use of straightforward comparisons that go from line to line, instead of one metaphor elaborated through the entire poem, makes this sonnet quite different in style. Sonnet 130, in contradiction to Sonnet 18, purposefully branches off from the traditional romantic love poem for he does not describe the subject as a true beauty but as his true love.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The two poems do seem to have a similar theme; both are focused around describing the poet’s muse. However, Sonnet 18 is not about love at all—Shakespeare makes no reference to love in the poem; he is merely describing how beautiful this individual is. Sonnet 130, on the other hand, is a true love poem, making direct mention to it in the couplet: â€Å"And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare / As any she belied with false compare.† Surprisingly enough, Sonnet 18 shows more the love Shakespeare has for himself and his writing ability. In the last three lines: â€Å"When in eternal lines to time thou growest: / So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, / So long lives this and this gives life to thee.† he is basically saying that in his eternal verse his muse will forever live. And although the couplet is sweet, a different approach to its meaning would be: â€Å"As long as people can read, they will read my poetry!† Sonnets were created to show-off a poet’s skill and not their love—in Sonnet 18 it is most apparent.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The sonnets are similar in that the subject who which Shakespeare is writing is very dear to him. The most over looked difference, however, is who the subject actually is.

Direct Marketing with Red Bull Essay

Introduction How should Red Bull market its brand in the future? I think, although Red Bull has been extremely successful in the past, times have changed and the company and products should change with it, otherwise we probably lose market share to the tremendous increased number of competitors in no time.At the height of early mornings and late nights, Red Bull energy drink became the fuel of choice for people from all walks of life. So how is Red Bull marketing its brand to meet the changing needs and budgets of its customers? How will the privately owned Austrian company expand its product line beyond the silver-bullet beverage that â€Å"gives you wings†? My conclusion is that we should focus on direct marketing and use this to bring in a more diverse population of users. History In 1982, Dietrich Mateschitz became aware of products called â€Å"tonic drinks†, which is very popular in Asia. While in Asia he got the idea of marketing those functional drinks outside Asia. In 1984, Mateschitz founded the company Red Bull GmbH. After tuning the drink up, Dietrich Mateschitz, introduced his â€Å"tonic drinks† to the Austrian market in 1987. â€Å"Red Bull got off the ground in no time flat, giving people wings right from the start.† In 1992, Red Bull touched down in its first foreign market, in Hungary. Today, Red Bull is energizing over 100 countries around the globe. More than a billion cans of Red Bull are consumed each year. Responsibility for the unparalleled success of the world’s No. 1 energy drink is shared by the company’s employees. It wasn’t until ten years later; Red Bull charged into the United States, launching a new category of non-soda energy drinks aimed at burned out high school kids, college students, and overworked individuals. Namely, the brand power that this product has created is truly amazing. Many people in the industry may hate Red Bull, but without Red Bull there wouldn’t even be a market for the other 150+ products currently crowding the shelves. Direct Marketing Using Prints Among the many ways of connecting with consumers, direct marketing is unique and personal. While the challenges of the emerging marketplace are disruptive for the energy drink market, direct marketing could be what keeps Red Bull on top. Why? Because the need to reach consumers in a direct and measurable way is growing stronger as a result of new technologies, new consumer expectations, new competitive pressures and new demands for demonstrable marketing return on investment. Since its inception, Red Bull has shunned print advertising in its marketing strategy. Red Bull has also chosen to eliminate billboards, banner ads, taxicab holograms, blimps, and Super Bowl spots as a form of advertising. This could be very beneficial to the company. With advertising in local papers or with large events such as Super Bowl could bring in detailed numbers. Super Bowl advertising has proved to be very beneficial, with more viewers than any TV program. However, Red Bull chooses to use advertising that cost little or nothing. It is found that those affected with direct marketing are more likely to spread the word of mouth about the product. Web-marketing Campaigns and Coupons Red Bull has not also created one web-marketing campaign, nor has it nipped or expanded its product line. This could be another area to expand. Promoting the drink with web-marketing campaigns could add to the many satisfied consumers. To successfully market your Web site you need to run an on-going campaign, just as you would for a product or service. Red Bull’s website is highly technological. The site uses Windows Media player and is extremely advanced in areas, however the website, http://www.redbullusa.com/start.html, does not include an in-depth analysis on ingredients contained in the drink, nor does it expand on any of the history or events which it features. If consumers wanted to learn what was contained in the drink and how they benefit from the product, the information should not only be available, but in abundance. The website is very pleasing to the eye, however lacks the correct information needed by consumers and the correct marketing strategy to properly get the website in  the eyes of consumers. Another addition using the Internet could be banner ads. This would bring consumers to the site. Promote a free sample to not only bring consumers to the site but to also satisfy the consumer by introducing them to the product. Many just do not want to waste their money to try something new. By sending a sample, consumers can get a feel for the Red Bull. Red Bull should also promote with coupons, paper or web-based. With an 8 oz. can of Red Bull pulling $ 2.07, the company should use this to lure new and previous drinkers to the product. Student Representatives Red Bull does take advantage of some forms of direct marketing. However, Red Bull prides itself on the forms of advertising with little cost, or no cost. For example, Red Bull sets its grassroots ethic into motion with a simple, yet masterful marketing force: student brand managers. In Europe, collegiate buzz junkies have been successfully addicting friends and classmates for years thanks to a foolproof branding plan; Red Bull provides the student representatives with free cases of its energy drink and then encourages the kids to throw a party. Red Bull could also use this technique with older individuals in high stress occupations. This will not only spread the word quickly and cheaply, but to more individuals of different ages. This would allow Red Bull to expand its target through direct marketing. But with the current scare of mixing Red Bull with alcohol this could come to a halt very shortly. According to the website: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/1435409.stm, â€Å"The SNFA advised people to stop mixing Red Bull with alcohol and to stop drinking it after working out at the gym, until an investigation into the drink had been carried out. The warning might have come from Sweden, but it sent ripples around the world.† When there is a scare, many people avoid the product all together. This could mean bad business for Red Bull unless there is an appropriate back up plan ready. Red Bull should focus on more ways to effectively promote their products without the use of teenagers and alcohol. Conclusion With the little advertising Red Bull uses, an extra push in one of these areas could prove very beneficial for the company. Red Bull’s focus on low cost advertising may be what will put the company under. The company must first focus on the consumers and how they should be reached then use the most cost effective forms, instead of putting the cost before the consumer. With technology increasing, forms of direct marketing are becoming highly popular with not only businesses but also consumers. A spokesman for Red Bull said, â€Å"We were the original and there are a lot of people who are trying to copy us, but nobody has successfully achieved that. We still have the market share lead at 86%.† But if Red Bull can not pick up the pace with others in this highly competitive market it could be the end for this company who has been known for its marketing strategy. By adding print advertising, making minor changes to the detail contained within the site, couponing, and includ ing a web-marketing campaign, Red Bull could stay on top for yet another 17 years! Resources 1. Red Bull Energy Drink Review http://www.bevnet.com/reviews/redbull/ [Accessed 24 May 2004] Provides reviews on several drinks, including Red Bull. Reviews include taste, look and user votes. 2. Red Bull GmbH Company Profile http://biz.yahoo.com ic/101/101316.html / [Accessed 24 May 2004] Contains contact information, financial highlights, key people, industry information and top competitors for the Red Bull Company. The site does not charge compared to others. 3. Red Bull Homepage http://www.redbullusa.com/start.html [Accessed 25 May 2004] Red Bull homepage has a brief company history, contains information regarding the ingredients of the product and has information regarding sports and culture. 4. Dark Dog Energy Drink Homepage http://www.darkdog.com/ [Accessed 25 May 2004] This site contains latest news and information regarding products, the company, distributors, and partners of the company Dark Dog, one of Red Bulls competitors. 5. Red Bull in suspected link to Death http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/1435409.stm [Accessed 27 May 2004] This site contains information regarding the Swedish National Food Administration issuing a public warning and investigating Red Bull in the deaths of three.

The Unique Film-making of Tim Burton

Tim Burton uses diegetic sounds, lighting, and high angles to express his creative cinematic style. He uses these various techniques to show how he differs from other directors styles. His choice of using these techniques relates back to his childhood, Burton was a reclusive child and very different while growing up. In the movies Edward Scissorhands and The Corpse Bride, he applies these various techniques. In the movie Edward Scissorhands, Burton uses diegetic sounds to foreshadow upcoming events in the movie.He uses the snip of the scissors when Peg, the Avon lady, was in the what seemed deserted mansion to foreshadow what/who Edward was relating to the scissors. Also in Edward Scissorhands, he used the diegetic chopping of the lettuce to accompany a flashback of Edwards past. This helped us understand more about Edward and how he became to be. In The Corpse Bride, Burton uses the diegetic sounds of Victor’s vows to also foreshadow the upcoming events with the corpse bride. Later on in that scene he used the cracking sound of the hand of Emily to show that she was now â€Å"alive†.The â€Å"I do† of Emily was included to show that Victor was now â€Å"married† to Emily. Tim Burton used a series of various types of lighting in the movies Edward Scissorhands, and The Corpse Bride. In Edward Scissorhands, he used a lot of high key lighting in the town, which had very bright pastel colors. He also used high key in the jail during the conversation between Edward and Peg. He used this so we, as the audience, could focus on the scene playing out. In Corpse Bride,

NFPA 704 Chemical Storage Color Codes

NFPA 704 Chemical Storage Color Codes This is a table of chemical storage code colors, as devised by J. T. Baker. These are the standard color codes in the chemical industry. Except for the stripe code, chemicals assigned a color code generally may be stored safely with other chemicals with the same code. However, there are many exceptions, so it is important to be familiar with the safety requirements for every chemical in your inventory. J. T. Baker Chemical Storage Color Code Table Color Storage Notes White Corrosive. May be harmful to eyes, mucous membranes and skin. Store separate from combustible and flammable chemicals. Yellow Reactive/Oxidizer. May react violently with water, air or other chemicals. Store separate from combustible and flammable reagents. Red Flammable. Store separately only with other flammable chemicals. Blue Toxic. Chemical is hazardous to health if ingested, inhaled or absorbed through the skin. Store separately in a secure area. Green Reagent presents no more than a moderate hazard in any category. General chemical storage. Gray Used by Fisher instead of green. Reagent presents no more than a moderate hazard in any category. General chemical storage. Orange Obsolete color code, replaced by green. Reagent presents no more than a moderate hazard in any category. General chemical storage. Stripes Incompatible with other reagents of the same color code. Store separately. Numeric Classification System In addition to the color codes, a number may be given to indicate the level of hazard for flammability, health, reactivity, and special hazards. The scale runs from 0 (no hazard) to 4 (severe hazard). Special White Codes The white area may contain symbols to indicate special hazards: OX - This indicates an oxidizer that allows chemical to burn in the absence of air. SA - This indicates a simply asphyxiant gas. The code is limited to nitrogen, xenon, helium, argon, neon, and krypton. W with Two Horizontal Bars Through It s of chemicals that carry this warning include sulfuric acid, cesium metal, and sodium metal.

Police Fitness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Police Fitness - Essay Example Physical fitness required for policing consists of general fitness and job specific fitness. Canadian Mounted Policing (and other Canadian police forces) requires horsemanship skills as much of the 'Mounties' policing is done on horseback. Local forces are returning to the use of horses for policing. Many police organizations in Canada require a basic level of fitness be maintained by officers/constables. Many officers are required to perform foot patrol, bicycle patrol, or horse patrol. Obviously these types of police work require a higher level of fitness than is required for equivalent patrol in an automobile or desk work. Officers of the Peel Regional Police are required to pass a fitness test with an overall score of 75% (Peel Police, 2007). Potential police that pass the tests (and a rigorous written and psychological exam) are recommended to attend the Ontario Police College. Officers are also required to maintain the physical fitness level at 75% or above to keep their positions In addition to basic fitness testing police forces use an incentive program to promote a higher level of fitness for their officers. Officers/Constables are encouraged to exercise on their own to meet the higher standards that result in recognition from their organizations. Police organizations assist the officers by providing exercise facilities with exercise machines, free weights, treadmills, and stair-steppers. It is the officer's responsibility to schedule workouts and exercise on their own time. Officers who choose to maintain a high-level of physical fitness are rewarded with public recognition, award pins and certificates, and prime policing jobs such as bike patrol. In Toronto officers are rewarded with fitness pins, and consideration for special units such as the Emergency Task Force or Marine Units. Another unwritten incentive is to keep ahead of criminals who spend much of their time in prison working out lifting weights, etc Physically fit officers have a personal commitment to stay fit. Constables in Toronto's 51st division often exercise before the beginning of their shift. The 51st is made up of officers on mountain bikes. These officers spend up to ten hours a day patrolling the streets of Toronto. They are on their bikes up to 80% of the time (Savin, 2007). A look at a photo of the 51st division's bikers shows a very physically fit group of officers. This group spends about an hour of their own time exercising everyday (Savin, 2007). Many Canadian police organizations require that officers compete for coveted bicycle patrol slots. This means that officers need to push themselves past the basic level of fitness required to be an officer/constable. Again, this means officers spend some of their personal time exercising and preparing for the competition. Most of these policing organizations have built exercise facilities for their officers. No one is required to use the facilities but many officers spend much of their free time using these facilities. Many bicycle patrol officers focus on using free-weights or resistance training because much of their cardio-respiratory fitness is accomplished on the job. Many officers/constables compete in regional, national, and international

Strategies for Responsible Downsizing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Strategies for Responsible Downsizing - Essay Example 4). This article is of interest to corporate management and Board members who are exploring the option of downsizing their workforce. Cascio delivers a lengthy review of real-world risks, benefits and disappointments by organizations choosing to downsize. It is highlighted that a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats analysis be carried out first. This will assist management to make an informed decision as to whether to downsize, and how to implement their decision in a responsible and transparent way (Horngren et al. 100; Hoggett, Sweeting and Radford 15). The goal of strategy change is to enhance market competitiveness and to align with international discourse of corporate social responsibility (CSR). Management may decide to downsize with the goal to improve returns. Evidence shows that this is only a short term solution. There are significant social consequences, such as the loss of human resources, customers and suppliers confidence. Future growth will be more costly because of having to continuously hire new staff to be trained; low wages and poor working conditions do not endear staff loyalty. Further, there can be a lack of corporate structure following downsizing, in turn increasing the workload and interpersonal and intrapersonal pressures on staffs, affecting customer interest and loyalty. With regard to needing a strategic option that is a preventative measure to reduce costs, downsizing is a last resort. Are Employees Assets or Costs Management accounting classifies labour as a variable cost rather than a fixed overhead (Horngren et al. 10). Employees are viewed as "costs," to be "cut" when downsizing. Human Resource managers however, view people as the greatest asset within a corporation, which is a network of social beings interlinked with external networks. As Cascio notes, contemporary responsible restructuring requires that employees be seen as assets to be developed. Multi-skilling of employees is a key training focus within commercial industry today, with R&D using predominantly government support, to study organizational culture, leadership patterns, continuous improvement and learning across the lifetime. Business Concept

A letter to the editor in the Wall Street Journal Essay - 6

A letter to the editor in the Wall Street Journal - Essay Example ts ahead of credit cards, I would like to bring to your attention my support and satisfaction towards the article and the author because I felt that it highlighted the reasons for that payment trend and was straight to the point. The payment of Mortgages before the credit card has been the normal way and has been in effect for a very long period of time, this is exactly what lenders expect from consumers. New information from TransUnion, which is a firm that deals with reporting credit related information, supports this stand that normal payment methods were back to effect at the end of the year 2013 due to a rise experienced in home values. The main findings from the research carried out shows strong links between the value of homes and payment behaviors. Further supporting this case is the findings that were published from all the fifty states in the United States which clearly point out that a decline in home values together with high unemployment rates saw borrowers skip mortgage payments but still make payments on their credit cards. There is an example of Nevada, between the years 2006-2009, where the value of houses went down by 57%. Borrowers were seen to skip making mortgage payments while staying true to credit card payments. It’s clear that people would be more willing to default on mortgage payments because foreclosure is not really an immediate problem. it involves a long process which takes months if not years. Credit card payments on the other hand would be hard to miss, by doing so the reaction would be immediate. Banks should therefore continue to ease standards on mortgages to the payments of mortgages ahead of credit

Scholarships for African American Students Essay Example for Free

Scholarships for African American Students Essay Even if you do not have a college-aged child at home, please share this with someone who does, and to anyone and everyone that comes to mind. Though there are a number of companies and organizations that have donated money for scholarships to African Americans, a great deal of the money is being returned because of a lack of interest or awareness. Take the initiative to get your children involved. Money shouldnt be returned to donating companies because we fail to apply for it Please pass this information on to family members, nieces, nephews, friends with children etc. We must get the word out that money is available. If you are a college student or getting ready to become one, you probably already know how useful additional money can be. (If clicking on the link doesnt work, then type in the Web site address manually.) 1) BELL LABS FELLOWSHIPS FOR UNDER REPRESENTED MINORITIES http://www.bell- labs.com/ fellowships/ CRFP/info. html See more: how to write a scholarship essay for study abroad 2) Student Inventors Scholarships http://www.invent. org/collegiate http://www.invent. org/collegiate/ 3) Student Video Scholarships http://www.christop hers.org/ /vidcon2k.html 4) Coca-Cola Two Year College Scholarships http://www.coca- colascholars. org/programs. html 5) Holocaust Remembrance Scholarships http://holocaust. hklaw.com/ 6) Ayn Rand Essay Scholarships http:/ /www.aynrand. org/contests/ 7) Brand Essay Competition http://www.institut eforbrandleaders hip.org/IBLEssay Contest-2002Rule s.htm 8) Gates Millennlum=20 Scholarships (major) http://www.gmsp. org/nominationma terials/read. dbm?ID 9) Xerox Scholarships for Students http://www2. xerox.com/ go/xrx/about_ xerox/about_ xerox_detail. jsp 10) Sports Scholarships and Internships http://www.ncaa. org/about/ scholarships. html 11) National Assoc. of Black Journalists Scholarships (NABJ) http://www/..nabj.org/html/ studentsvcs. html 12) Saul T. Wilson Scholarships (Veterinary) http://www.aphis. usda.gov/ mb/mrphr/ jobs/stw. html 13) Thurgood Marshall Scholarship Fund http://www.thurgood marshallfund. org/sk_v6. cfm 14) FinAid: The Smart Students Guide to Financial Aid scholarships) http://www.finaid. org/ 15) Presidential Freedom Scholarships http://wwwnational service.org/ scholarships/ 16) Microsoft Scholarship Program http://www.microsof t.com/college/ scholarships/ minority. asp 17) WiredScholar Free Scholarship Search http://www.wiredsch olar.com/ paying/scholarsh ip_search/ pay_scholarship_ searc h.jsp 18) Hope Scholarships Lifetime Credits http://www.ed. gov/inits/ hope/ 19) William Randolph Hearst Endowed Scholarship for Minority Studentshttp://www.apsanet. org/PS/grants/ aspen3.cfm 20) Multiple List of Minority Scholarships http://gehon. ir.miami. edu/financial- assistance/ Scholarship/ black..html 21) Guaran teed Scholarships http://www.guarante ed-scholarships. com/ 22) BOEING scholarships (some HBCU connects)http://www.boeing. com/companyoffic es/educationrela tions/scholarshi ps 23) Easley National Scholarship Program http://www.naas. org/senior. .htm 24) Maryland Artists Scholarships http://wwwmaef. org/ 26) Jacki Tuckfield Memorial Graduate Business Scholarship (for AA students in South Florida )http://www.jackituc kfield.org/ 27) Historically Black College University Scholarships http://www.iesabroa d.org/info/ hbcu.htm 28) Actuarial Scholarships for Minority Studentshttp://www.beanactu ary.org/minority /scholarships. htm 29) International Students Scholarships Aid Help http://www.iefa. org/ 30) College Board Scholarship Searchhttp://cbweb10p. collegeboard. org/fundfinder/ html/fundfind01. html 31) Burger King Scholarship= 20 Program http://www.bkschola rs.csfa.org/ 32) Siemens Westinghouse Competition http://www.siemens- foundationorg/ 33) GE and LuLac Scholarship Funds http://www.lulac. org/Programs/ Scholar.html 34) CollegeNet s Scholarship Database http://mach25. collegenet. com/cgi-bin/ M25/index 35) Union Sponsored Scholarships and Aid http://www.. aflcioorg/ scholarships/ scholar.htm 36) Federal Scholarships Aid Gateways 25 Scholarship Gateways from Black Excelhttp://www.blackexc el.org/25scholar ships.htm 37) Scholarship Financial Aid Help http://www.blackexc elorg/fin- sch.htm 38) Scholarship Links (Ed Finance Group) http://www.efg. net/link_ scholarship. htm 39) FAFSA On The Web (Your Key Aid Form Info) http://www.fafsa. ed.gov/ 40) Aid Resources For Reentry Students http://www.back2col lege.com/ 41) Scholarships and Fellowships http://www.osc. cuny.edu/ sep/links. h tml 42) Scholarships for Study in Paralegal Studies http://www.paralega ls.org/Choice/ 2000west. htm 43) HBCU Packard Sit Abroad Scholarships (for study around the world)http://www.sit. edu/studyabroad/ packard_nominati on.html 44) Scholarship and Fellowship Opportunities http://ccmi. uchicago. .edu/schl1. html 45) INROADS internships http://www.inroads. org/ 46) ACT-SO bEURoeOlympics of the Mind A Scholarshipsttp://www.naacp. org/ work/actso/ act-so.shtml 47) Black Alliance for Educational Options Scholarshipsttp://www.baeo. org/ options/privatel yfinanced. jsp 48) ScienceNet Scholarship Listingttp://www.sciencenet. emory.edu/ undergrad/ scholarships html 49) Graduate Fellowships For Minorities Nationwidettp://cuinfo. cornell. edu/Student/ GRFN/list. phtml?category= MINORITIES 50) RHODES SCHOLARSHIPS AT OXFORD ttp://www.rhodesscholar. org /info.html 51) The Roothbert Scholarship Fund ttp://www.roothbertfund. org/scholExpanding your horizons Motivating young women in science and mathematics On January 29th from 8:00-1:00 pm the Central New Mexico Community College will be hosting an event to get girls in grades 5-9 excited about science For more information and to register for this free event by Jan. 14th: www.expandingyourhorizons.org/conferences/Albuquerque/ 505-750-8131 [emailprotected]

Significance Of Language In Animal Farm Philosophy Essay

Significance Of Language In Animal Farm Philosophy Essay The end of World War II, the detonation of the atomic bomb, and the start of the Cold War, all took place during 1945. However, what also took place that year was the publishing of George Orwells, Animal Farm. Through the use of animals, the novel mocks certain human traits and characteristics. It depicts mans greed and selfishness as part of human nature and how innocent bystanders are swept under and destroyed by these selfish, heartless people. Orwells transformation of the pigs into humans shocks the reader who eventually realizes the tremendous similarities that humans have with the pigs in the novel. A recurring theme in this novel is how language can be manipulated as an instrument of control. From the inspiring song, Beasts of England to the commandments and the changing of them by Napoleon, the main source of power throughout the novel is language and the use of rhetoric. Without the correct use of language and the power of words in Animal Farm, the rebellion never would hav e taken place and certainly the end result of Napoleons complete takeover would never have happened. Through Napoleons manipulative characteristics, the gullibility of the animals of the farm and the impressive rhetorical and propaganda skills of Squealer, reality is shaped by words. In the beginning of the novel, Napoleon shows no concern in what the animals do and leaves most of the leadership work and inspirational speeches to Snowball. Napoleon is described as, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦not much of a talker, but with a reputation for getting his own way, (Orwell, 25). This foreshadows Napoleons future behaviour because later on in the novel, he takes on more of a Stalin-like role in the farm. Unable to effectively speak in public, he uses Squealer to talk to the animals of the farm and get them under control. However, being unable to speak effectively in public doesnt hold him back from taking control. To maintain power, he uses many different types of propaganda techniques, one of which being, using Snowball as scapegoat. Napoleon blames the farms failures on Snowball who is no where to be found so he cannot deny or confirm any truth of what is said. For instance, when Boxer questions the loyalty of Snowball, Napoleon tells Squealer to announce that Snowball was Joness agent from the very beginning. (Orwell, chpt.6) Boxer, being the loyal and gullible animal he is, admits that if Comrade Napoleon says it, it must be right. (Orwell, chpt.6) Not only does Napoleon use Snowball as scapegoat, so that he can secure his position, he alters the seven commandments to legitimize what he does (drink alcohol, sleep in beds, deal with humans). At this point in the history of the farm, the pigs do not quite have enough power to do what they like and Squealer is forced to change the Commandments to fit new circumstances. Meaning, the pigs havent yet fully gained the trust of the animals of the farm and therefore need to alter the commandments secretively. The first alteration to the Commandments comes after the pigs move back into the farmhouse. As the pigs slowly adapted to the ways of humans, they started sleeping on beds. The ban on sleeping in beds was changed in Napoleons favour by the addition of the words with sheets. When Clover questions the sleeping in beds of the pigs, she finds that the fourth commandment says, No animal shall sleep in a bed with sheets. (Orwell, chpt.5) Clover doesnt quite remember the with sheets being there and eventually concludes that it must have been there, (Orwell, chpt.5) Due to Clovers faulty memory she wasnt able to recognize this alteration. From drinking alcohol to murder, and everything in between, Napoleon abused the seven commandments of Animalism and was never rebelled against, not once. This was due to all the animals of the farm being very gullible, to such an extent, that they didnt realize what was really going on. The gullibility of the animals played an important role in taking Napoleon to the top. He relies on the gullibility of the strongest animals, like Boxer the horse, and the apathy of the wisest, like Benjamin the donkey. When anyone questions Napoleons version of history, he has a herd of sheep chant loudly over their protests. In Chapter nine, we read of the tragic death of Boxer, the veteran of the Battle of the Cowshed and the Battle of the Windmill. Boxers motto had always been I will work harder, (Orwell, chpt.3) and it is precisely this over exertion in rebuilding the windmill which finally causes his death. One day he collapses and is taken away to the slaughterhouse where his body parts are com mercially exploited. When the animals question this tragic death, they are yet again fooled by Squealer. The animals were relieved to hear [that, he had received] admirable care [and] expensive medicine for which Napoleon had paid without a thought as to the cost, , (Orwell, chpt.8).They are told that Boxer was given the best of the best treatment, however, couldnt survive. The animals, being gullible, calmly agree with him and are told to work even harder since Boxer is not there to help anymore. In chapter 5, when the pigs were found sleeping in beds, Clover thought that there was surely a definite rule against sleeping in beds. Muriel, she said, read me the Fourth Commandment. Does it not say something about never sleeping in a bed? (Orwell, chpt.5) However, Squealer came along to explain that a bed is merely a place to sleep in. A pile of straw in a stall is a bed, properly regarded. The rule was against sheets, which are a human invention. We have removed the sheets from the fa rà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Orwell, chpt.5) Clover eventually agreed as she could not remember and because Squealer was thought as a friend, she accepted what he said and didnt argue any further. All that year the animals worked like slaves. (Orwell, 63) The animals thought that by obeying the pigs, they were preventing the farm from disbanding. Orwell is quite literally suggesting that even if a smart person or leader says something, it cannot be assumed to be true, as demonstrated by politicians. Propaganda only succeeds if people are gullible. Squealer, described as quite the tricky pig, takes advantage of the other animals ignorance and exploits it to an unimaginable level. Squealer has all the characteristics of a successful orator; he is charismatic, intelligent, emotional, persuasive, and even hypnotic. Above all, through the use of correct words and rhetoric, he is able to manipulate language in order to gain the confidence of the animals of the farm. Squealer, being the most powerful weapon which Napoleon possesses, uses his extraordinary skills to bring Napoleon to such a height of success. Squealer constantly puts particular spins on events and conditions and he uses slogans and such to help control the other animals. For instance, when the animals question the pigs getting all the apples and milk, he replies, You do not imagine, I hope, that we pigs are doing this in a spirit of selfishness and privilege? Many of us actually dislike milk and apples. I dislike them myself. Our sole object in taking these things is to preserve our health. Milk and apples (this has been proved by Science, comrades) contain substances absolutely necessary to the well-being of a pig. We pigs are brainworkers. The whole management and organization of this farm depend on us. Day and night we are watching over your welfare. It is for your sake that we drink that milk and eat those apples (Orwell, chpt.3). Squealer often uses comrades to give the animals a title, a position, which really makes them feel important, useful and in place. However, when it comes to them questioning the actions of the pigs, Squealer often threatens the animals that Mr. Jones will come back, Surely, comrades, surely there is no one among you who wants to see Jones come back? (Orwell, chpt.3) It continues to say how the animals certainly do not want Mr. Jones back. The importance of keeping the pigs in good health was all too obvious (Orwell, chpt.3) This comes to show how Squealer has the animals so deeply convinced, that they dont know what is actually happening. Also, Squealer often uses certain slogans that drum ideas into their head, rather than having them think about anything. Slogans such as, Tactics, comrades, tactics (Orwell, chpt.5) are used to get the interest of the animals and have them thinking about what they are doing wrong. This displays Squealers ability to use certain words and slogans to n ot only convince the animals, but have them happily agree with him. Although Squealer is a porker pig, he plays almost the main character in the novel. Without Squealers ability to persuade, Napoleon was to get nowhere. By giving Squealer such a role, Orwell is suggesting that one doesnt have to look intelligent to be intelligent, but, in fact, must know how to use their intelligence correctly, for good or for bad. The main source of power was from the correct use of rhetoric and language. Through Napoleons manipulative characteristics, the gullibility of the animals of the farm and the impressive rhetorical and propaganda skills of Squealer, reality was shaped by words. Animal farm discreetly gives out warning signs on life and what to expect of people. Using animals on a farm, Orwell tells about an unstable fight for power. Hidden warnings found in the book depend on the reader. Orwell mainly pushes the points of education as a necessity of life, there is no peace when striving for power, and words have a very large impact on the minds of others. Many things in life can be used as a warning but it is unfortunate that the warnings arent usually noticed until it is too late. None of the animals knew how much education meant, or how much the greed for power had taken over, or even that they were being lied to through the words of those very convincing pigs. By demonstrating how easily swayed the animals of the farm are by a powerful speech or strong words, Orwell is demonstrating the human vulnerability to carefully chosen words and our unfortunate ability to fall victim to the power of words without understanding the deeper meanings behind them. Work Cited Orwell, George. Animal Farm. New York: Harcourt, Brace Company.1946. Print. Orwell, George. George Orwell Animal Farm. George Orwell Complete Works, biography, Quotes, Essays. Web. 14 Jan. 2011. .